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  Armenia

  Medival Armenia and Cilicia. Part I: 830 - 1095

 

In the year 656, Armenia was overrun by the expanding Arabs and became part of the Arab Caliphate that by that time included all of the Middle East, North Africa and parts of Europe. 

However, the wars between Byzantine Empire and partial disintegration of the Caliphate, created pre-conditions for the restoration of Armenian statehood, and in 884 grand Prince Ashot Bagratouni was crowned as the new King of Armenia.

Death of Ashot in 890, led to partial disintegration of the restored kingdom. Ashot’s son Sembat and his heirs in fact controlled only small territory in North-Western Armenia while the rest of the kingdom was a conglomerate of princely states (Vaspurakan, Sasun, syuniq, Khachen, etc.) only nominally dependent of the Crown.

 

                    Armenia ca. 830 - 1020

Caliphate of Baghdad & other Arab States
Byzantine Empire
Kdm of Armenian Bagratides & its dependencies
Georgian Bagratide possessions & other Georg. states
Modern Armenia and Karabakh
 

The beginning of the 11th century was marked by the disastrous invasion of the Seljuk Turks. In 1071 Seljuk army defeated Armenians and their Byzantine (East Roman) allies in the battle of Mantsikert, and by 1081, all of Armenia, Anatolia and other countries of the area were conquered and devastated by the Seljuks.

Thousands of Armenians among them many aristocratic families fled their devastated country and found refuge in mountainous Cilicia partially Armenian-inhabited since the period of Tighran empire (187-70 B.C.).

In the year 1081 new Armenian state sometimes mistakenly called “Lesser Armenia” was proclaimed in Cilicia by Prince Ruben related to the Bagratide Royal family.

 

                   Armenia and East Roman Empire ca 1000-1095.

                   Seljuk Expansion and Formation of Cilician Armenian Kingdom

Abbasid Caliphate & other arab states
Conquered by seljuk turks by 1081
Territory of East Roman Empire after 1081
Armenian lands under seljukides sinse 1071
New Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia Sinse 1081
Modern Armenia

 

 

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